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Microplastics are often spoken about as if they are a single, uniform pollutant. In reality, they are anything but simple. The term microplastics  refers to a vast and diverse group of particles that vary in size, shape, composition, origin, and behaviour in the environment (Rochman et al., 2019). This diversity is precisely what makes microplastics so difficult to study, regulate, and ultimately manage. Understanding the complexity of microplastics is essential if we are to

Microplastics are small plastic particles typically defined as being less than  5 millimetres (mm)  in size, with dimensions ranging from approximately  100 nanometres (nm) to 5 mm . Particles smaller than 100 nm are often classified separately as  nanoplastics , which are even more difficult to detect and study due to their extremely small size (Ocean Conservancy, 2023). Rather than representing a single substance, microplastics constitute a  diverse group of contaminants  t